Over the last few years, large-scale disinformation campaigns have been organised against the EU and its neighbouring countries, aiming to destabilise and influence democratic processes. As the issue of foreign interference and hybrid threats to democracy is part of the focus for all relevant democracy defenders, the European Network of Political Foundations – ENoP decided to further explore the topic.

This publication explores different forms of Russian and Chinese influence in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Moldova, as case studies that encompass a wide range of different forms of foreign influence in the immediate EU neighbourhood.